[82], Sindh also has Pakistan's highest percentage of Hindu overall, which accounts 8.7% of the population, roughly around 4.2 million people,[78] and 13.3% of the province's rural population as per 2017 Pakistani census report. Islam in Sindh has a long history, starting with the capture of Sindh by Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 CE. Karachi 2022-05 Central Sindh's maximum temperature typically reaches 4344C (109111F). Muhammad bin Qasim built the city of Mansura as his capital; the city then produced famous historical figures such as Abu Mashar Sindhi, Abu Ata al-Sindhi,[36] Abu Raja Sindhi. Agriculture is very important in Sindh with cotton, rice, wheat, sugar cane, bananas, and mangoes as the most important crops. [11], The Greeks who conquered Sindh in 325 BC under the command of Alexander the Great referred to the Indus River as Inds, hence the modern Indus. When the Soomro dynasty lost ties with the Abbasid Caliphate after the siege of Baghdad, the Soomra ruler Dodo-I established their rule from the shores of the Arabian Sea to the Punjab in the north and in the east to Rajasthan and in the west to Pakistani Balochistan. Writers like Mirza Kalich Beg compiled and traced the literary history of Sindh. Last Update: 1-12-2022: Total Active Tenders: 2838: Counter start date: 1st Jan 2017 . The connection between the Sindh and Islam was established by the initial Muslim invasions during the Rashidun Caliphate. Important court figures included the poet Kazi Kadal, Sardar Darya Khan, Moltus Khan, Makhdoom Bilawal and the theologian Kazi Kaadan. SSC Part 1 result 2022 online. [69][70][71], By 1936 Sindh was separated from the Bombay Presidency. When Sindh was under the Arab Umayyad Caliphate, the Arab Habbari dynasty was in control. [27] Under the Umayyads (661 750 AD), many Shias sought asylum in the region of Sindh, to live in relative peace in the remote area. The leopard is now rare and the Asiatic cheetah extinct. [91] Sindhis themselves are 8.1% of the population in Karachi, a number that has increased due to migration of rural Sindhis to the city for work.[78][92]. The administrative boss of the province who is in charge of the bureaucracy is the Chief Secretary Sindh, who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. In 1339 Jam Unar founded a Sindhi Muslim Rajput Samma Dynasty and challenged the Sultans of Delhi. WebQuestia. Remains of 9th century Jain temple in Bhodesar near Nagarparkar. [56], In 1783 a firman which designated Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur as the new Nawab of Sindh, and mediated peace particularly after the Battle of Halani and the defeat of the ruling Kalhora by the Talpur Baloch tribes.[57]. Hog deer and wild bear occur, particularly in the central inundation belt. Foreign influence on ancient India By Krishna Chandra Sagar. Within weeks, Charles Napier and his forces occupied Sindh. WebBISE Gujranwala SSC Special Exams 2021 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 29 January 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Gujranwala 12th Class, 2nd Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 2 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 20 October Deer occur in the lower rocky plains and in the eastern region, as do the Striped hyena (charakh), jackal, fox, porcupine, common gray mongoose and hedgehog. The province is well known for its distinct culture, which is strongly influenced by Sufism, an important marker of Sindhi identity for both Hindus and Muslims. The annual rainfall averages about seven inches, falling mainly during July and August. pp. WebPPRA Board . There is a project to introduce tigers and Asian elephants too in KNP near the huge Hub Dam Lake. [45][46][47] According to Professor Baloch, the climate of Balochistan was very cold during this epoch and the region was uninhabitable during the winters so the Baloch people emigrated in waves to Sindh[48] and Punjab. WebSindh (/ s n d /; Sindhi: ; Urdu: , pronounced ; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan.Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province by population after Punjab.It shares land borders with the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan Sindh is Pakistan's most natural gas producing province. [22] Sindh finds mention in the Indian epic Mahabharata as being part of Bharatvarsha. WebAbout Our Coalition. Priya Kumar & Rita Kothari (2016) Sindh, 1947 and Beyond. 2, Part. And again. They promote their products under the name of "Crafts Forever". The Talpur tribes migrated from Dera Ghazi Khan in Punjab to Sindh on the invitation of Kalhora to help them organize unruly Baloch tribes living in Sindh. It shares land borders with the Pakistani provinces of Balochistan to the east and north-east and Punjab to the north. The Soomros successfully defended their kingdom for about 36 years, but their dynasties soon fell to the might of the Sultanate of Delhi's massive armies such as the Tughluks and the Khaljis. The thermal equator passes through upper Sindh, where the air is generally very dry. ", "CCI defers approval of census results until elections", "With a handful of subbers, two newspapers barely keeping Gujarati alive in Karachi", "Political and ethnic battles turn Karachi into Beirut of South Asia " Crescent", "Queen of Mangoes: Sindhri from Pakistan now in UAE", "Pakistan Bureau of Statistics 6th Population and Housing Census", "Our Sindhi symbols ibex, black partridge", "Areas of political influence in Pakistan: right-wing vs left-wing", "PML-N braving silent rebellion in Sindh and Karachi leaderships", "Turn Right: Sindhi Nationalism and Electoral Politics", "Commissioner system to be restored soon: Durrani", "Sindh: Commissioner system may be revived today", "Sindh back to 5 divisions after 11 years | Pakistan Today", "Sindh Cabinet approves division of Karachi into seven districts", "Sindh govt to divide Tharparkar in two districts", "Provincial Accounts of Pakistan: Methodology and Estimates 1973-2000", http://siteresources.worldbank.org/PAKISTANEXTN/Resources/293051-1241610364594/6097548-1257441952102/balochistaneconomicreportvol2.pdf, "Pakistan: Mining, Minerals and Fuel Resources", "Population by Level of Education and Rural/Urban", "Spotlighting: Sindh Exhibit provides peek into province's rich culture The Express Tribune", "Sindh celebrates first ever 'Sindhi Topi Day', "Tourism in Sindh - The Express Tribune", "Estimating the recreational value of Pakistan's largest freshwater lake to support sustainable tourism management using a travel cost model", Sindh Transport Department official website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sindh&oldid=1123973684, States and territories established in 1970, Sindhi-speaking countries and territories, Populated places established in the 7th millennium BC, Articles with dead external links from August 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, All Wikipedia articles written in Pakistani English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles that may be too long from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2022, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, GBELS Dourai Mahar Taluka Daur Distt: Shaheed Benazirabad, Government Muslim Science College Hyderabad, Peoples Medical College for Girls Nawabshah, Provincial Institute of Teachers Education Nawabshah, This page was last edited on 26 November 2022, at 18:31. [34][35] The forces of Muhammad bin Qasim defeated Raja Dahir in alliance with the Hindu Jats and other regional governors. It was later abandoned due to changes in the course of the Puran River; they ruled for the next 95 years until 1351. [87], There are approximately 10,000 Sikhs in Sindh. Lower Sindh's maximum temperature reaches about 3538C (95100F). Due to the semi-arid climate of Sindh the left out forests support an average population of jackals and snakes. Web15 Dec. 2022. As a result, he was granted a lifetime pension. BISE Peshawar 10th Class, SSC, Matric Part 2 Annual Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 17-August-2022 02:00 PM ) BISE Peshawar 9th Class, SSC, Matric Part 1 Annual Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 24-September-2022 03:00 PM BISE Peshawar 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre [102] In Sindh after the lapse of the Local Governments Bodies term in 2010 the Divisional Commissioners system was to be restored. Skeletons discovered in the ruins of Moan Jo Daro ("mount of dead") were thought to indicate that the city was suddenly attacked and the population was wiped out,[20] but further examinations showed that the marks on the skeletons were due to erosion and not of violence.[21]. Sindh's first known village settlements date as far back as 7000 BC. In the coming centuries, Sindh became a region loyal to the Mughals, a network of forts manned by cavalry and musketeers further extended Mughal power in Sindh. 29, 33, 368371. [113][114], The following is a chart of the education market of Sindh estimated by the government in 1998:[117]. However, Thatta was a port city; unlike garrison towns, it could not mobilize large armies against the Arghun and Tarkhan Mongol invaders, who killed many regional Sindhi Mirs and Amirs loyal to the Samma. [86] Sindh is also the only province in Pakistan to have a separate law for governing Hindu marriages. The Talpurs were ethnically Baloch,[59] and Shia by faith. During his reign, in 1659 in the Mughal Empire, Muhammad Salih Tahtawi of Thatta created a seamless celestial globe with Arabic and Persian inscriptions using a wax casting method. Among the wild animals, the Sindh ibex (sareh), blackbuck, wild sheep (Urial or gadh) and wild bear are found in the western rocky range. The ruins of the well planned towns, the brick buildings of the common people, roads, public baths and the covered drainage system suggest a highly organized community. 25 Dec. 2022. In the centre is a fertile plain along the Indus River. Sindh then again became an easternmost client State of the Later Abbasid Caliphs ruled by the Soomro Dynasty until the siege of Baghdad (1258). 167176 and Hill (2009), pp. Sindh is divided into three climatic regions: Siro (the upper region, centred on Jacobabad), Wicholo (the middle region, centred on Hyderabad), and Lar (the lower region, centred on Karachi). 'Gateway of Islam'), as it was one of the first regions of the Indian subcontinent to fall under Islamic rule. In the late second century BC, Scythian tribes shattered the Greco-Bactrian empire and invaded the Indo-Greek lands. [68] Sindhi Muslims eventually demanded the separation of Sindh from the Bombay Presidency, a move opposed by Sindhi Hindus. A British journal[64] by Thomas Postans mentions the Sindhi Amirs as prisoners of war: "The Amirs as being the prisoners of 'Her Majesty' they are maintained in strict seclusion; they are described as Broken-Hearted and Miserable men, maintaining much of the dignity of fallen greatness, and without any querulous or angry complaining at this unlivable source of sorrow, refusing to be comforted". 1st and 2nd year students can check their annual exam Inter exam result online. Hala's artisans manufacture high-quality and impressively priced wooden handicrafts, textiles, paintings, handmade paper products, and blue pottery. Habbaris ruled Sindh until Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi defeated the Habbaris in 1024. The culture, folktales, art and music of Sindh form a mosaic of human history. 1, pp. And again until you've found the. [99] The province's trend towards the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and away from the Pakistan Muslim League (N) can be seen in nationwide general elections, in which Sindh is a stronghold of the PPP. Pre Medical students from BIEK Karachi can downlaod their result online. Although Sindh has a semi arid climate, through its coastal and riverine forests, its huge fresh water lakes and mountains and deserts, Sindh supports a large amount of varied wildlife. Mujhay Ethics ke sindh board ke past paper chaiye. which began about AD 127. Parts of the modern-day province were intermittently subject to raids by the Rashidun army during the early Muslim conquests, but the region did not fall under Muslim rule until the Arab invasion of Sind occurred under the Umayyad Caliphate, headed by Muhammad ibn Qasim in 712 CE. [110], The economy of Sindh is the 2nd largest of all the provinces in Pakistan. Sindhi people began celebrating Sindhi Topi Day on 6 December 2009, to preserve the historical culture of Sindh by wearing Ajrak and Sindhi topi. The grand and presumably holy site might have been the great bath, which is built upon an artificially created elevation. [24] Abiria country of Abhira tribe was in southern Sindh.[25][26]. [111] Since 1972, Sindh's GDP has expanded by 3.6 times.[112]. Sindh is divided into three main geographical regions: Siro ("upper country"), aka Upper Sindh, which is above Sehwan; Vicholo ("middle country"), or Middle Sindh, from Sehwan to Hyderabad; and Lu ("sloping, descending country"), or Lower Sindh, mostly consisting of the Indus Delta below Hyderabad.[94]. In August 1947, before the partition of India, the total population of Sindh was 3,887,070 out of which 2,832,000 (around 73%) were Muslims, 1,015,000 (around 26%) were Hindus[77] and the remaining were Sikhs and Jains. Volume 74, Number 3, September 1991 Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes", "Seeking Seamless Scientific Wonders: Review of Emilie Savage-Smith's Work", "History of Khairpur and the royal Talpurs of Sindh", "The Royal Talpurs of Sindh - Historical Background", Richard Wellesley, first Marquess Wellesley, "Sindhi alphabets, pronunciation and language", "PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines", "SALIENT FEATURES OF FINAL RESULTS CENSUS-2017", "Shikarpur's Sikhs serve humanity beyond religion", "Scheduled castes have a separate box for them, but only if anybody knew", "Hindu's converge at Ramapir Mela near Karachi seeking divine help for their security - The Times of India", "Sindh Hindu Marriage Actrelief or restraint? It shares International border with the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to the east; it is also bounded by the Arabian Sea to the south. Sindh is home to a large portion of Pakistan's industrial sector and contains two of the country's busiest commercial seaports: Port Qasim and the Port of Karachi. [84] Although, Pakistan Hindu Council claimed that there are 6,842,526 Hindus living in Sindh Province covering around 14.29% of the region's population. By the first century AD, the Kushan Empire annexed Sindh. Islam in Sindh has a strong Sufi ethos with numerous Muslim saints and mystics, such as the Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, having lived in Sindh historically. During the Decline of the Abbasid Caliphate in 860s, the Habbari dynasty became semi-independent and was eliminated and Mansura was invaded by Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi. The Brahman dynasty ruled a vast territory that stretched from Multan in the north to the Rann of Kutch, Alor was their capital. The Soomros created a chivalrous culture in Sindh, which eventually facilitated their rule centred at Mansura. Some unusual sightings of Asian cheetah occurred in 2003 near the Balochistan border in Kirthar Mountains. Online Publication Date. BISE Peshawar Board 11th class result 2022 for annual and supply exam final result can be viewed here online soon after release date & time. These numbers also include the scheduled caste population, which stands at 1.7% of the total in Sindh (or 3.1% in rural areas),[83] and is believed to have been under-reported, with some community members instead counted under the main Hindu category. "Falk 2001, pp. [78][88], Other minority languages include Kutchi, Gujarati,[89] Aer, Bagri, Bhaya, Brahui, Dhatki, Ghera, Goaria, Gurgula, Jadgali, Jandavra, Jogi, Kabutra, Kachi Koli, Parkari Koli, Wadiyari Koli, Loarki, Marwari, Sansi, and Vaghri. The Indus river dolphin is among the most endangered species in Pakistan and is found in the part of the Indus river in northern Sindh. His burial place is unknown. In the disorder that followed, Greek rule returned when Demetrius I of Bactria led a Greco-Bactrian invasion of India and annexed most of the northwestern lands, including Sindh. 31 Dec. 2022. Sindh became the easternmost State of the Umayyad Caliphate and was referred to as "Sind" on Arab maps, with lands further east known as "Hind". At the port city of Debal, most of the Bawarij embraced Islam and became known as Sindhi Sailors, who were renowned for their navigation, geography and languages. The people had a high standard of art and craftsmanship and a well-developed system of quasi-pictographic writing which remains un-deciphered. By the mid-1940s the Muslim League gained a foothold in the province and after winning over the support of local Sufi pirs,[72] it didn't take long for the overwhelming majority of Sindhi Muslims to campaign for the creation of Pakistan.[73][74]. Most of the influential Sindhi tribes in the province are involved in Pakistan's politics. [62] The East India Company made its first contacts in the Sindhi port city of Thatta, which according to a report was: "a city as large as London containing 50,000 houses which were made of stone and mortar with large verandahs some three or four stories high the city has 3,000 looms the textiles of Sindh were the flower of the whole produce of the East, the international commerce of Sindh gave it a place among that of Nations, Thatta has 400 schools and 4,000 Dhows at its docks, the city is guarded by well armed Sepoys". [100], In metropolitan cities such as Karachi and Hyderabad, the MQM (another party of the left with the support of Muhajirs) has a considerable vote bank and support. Sindh's landscape consists mostly of alluvial plains flanking the Indus River, the Thar Desert in the eastern portion of the province along the international border with India, and the Kirthar Mountains in the western portion of the province. Sindh is in the western corner of South Asia, bordering the Iranian plateau in the west. Raja Dahir Sen was a Hindu king that ruled over a Buddhist majority and that Chach of Alor and his kin were regarded as usurpers of the earlier Buddhist Rai Dynasty,[31][32] a view questioned by those who note the diffuse and blurred nature of Hindu and Buddhist practices in the region,[33] especially that of the royalty to be patrons of both and those who believe that Chach may have been a Buddhist. [27] During the caliphate of Ali, many Jats of Sindh had come under the influence of Shi'ism[28] and some even participated in the Battle of Camel and died fighting for Ali. According to Dr. Akhtar Baloch, Professor at University of Karachi, and Nadeem Wagan, General Manager at HANDS, the Balochi migrated from Balochistan during the Little Ice Age and settled in Sindh and Punjab. In the Indus valley, the Acacia nilotica (babul) (babbur) is the most dominant and occurs in thick forests along the Indus banks. [12][13] The word Sindh is a Persian derivative of the Sanskrit term Sindhu, meaning "river" - a reference to Indus River. 111 Asad Umar takes charge as Chief Secretary on 5 August 2018. [99] Minor leftist parties such as the People's Movement also found support in rural areas of the province. [14], Southworth suggests that the name Sindhu is in turn derived from Cintu, a Dravidian word for date palm, a tree commonly found in Sindh. [citation needed], The work of Sindhi artisans was sold in ancient markets of Damascus, Baghdad, Basra, Istanbul, Cairo and Samarkand. As a consequence, the five divisions of Sindh were restored namely Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Mirpurkhas and Larkana with their respective districts. "Sind" redirects here. The Provincial Assembly of Sindh is a unicameral and consists of 168 seats, of which 5% are reserved for non-Muslims and 17% for women. Dry hot days and cool nights are typical during the summer. Sindh is sometimes referred to as the Bab-ul Islam (transl. [120], Ranikot Fort, one of the largest forts in the world. The coastal strip and the creeks abound in semi-aquatic and aquatic plants and the inshore Indus delta islands have forests of Avicennia tomentosa (timmer) and Ceriops candolleana (chaunir) trees. [citation needed]. One popular legend which highlights the strong Sufi presence in Sindh is that 125,000 Sufi saints and mystics are buried on Makli Hill near Thatta. [citation needed], The first Agha Khan, who was escaping persecution in Persia and looking for an ally, helped the East India Company in their capture of Sindh. [90], Karachi city is Pakistan's most multiethnic city. Sindh is bounded by the Thar Desert to the east, the Kirthar Mountains to the west and the Arabian Sea and Rann of Kutch to the south. The Kushan Empire was defeated in the mid-3rd century AD by the Sassanid Empire of Persia, who installed vassals known as the Kushanshahs in these far eastern territories. Downloads (SRO, Manuals, Forms) Active Black Listed Firms. The Shri Ramapir Temple in Tandoallahyar whose annual festival is the second largest Hindu pilgrimage in Pakistan is in Sindh. Central Sindh's temperatures are generally lower than those of upper Sindh but higher than those of lower Sindh. The Kirthar National Park in the Kirthar range spreads over more than 3000km2 of desert, stunted tree forests and a lake. WebBISE Faisalabad SSC Annual Exams 2022 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 31 August 2022 Time: 10:00am) BISE Faisalabad 12th Class, 2nd Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 2 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 20 October After Bin Qasim left, the Arab Caliphate ruled Sindh through the Governors. Since the Soomro Dynasty lost its support from the Abbasid Caliphate, the Sultans of Delhi wanted a piece of Sindh. In the new study, more than 79,000 women were studied over a three-year period as they stayed unmarried; got married or entered a relationship that was like marriage; stayed married; or got.But I'd be remiss to leave out the fact that one of the perks of getting divorced is that you get to experience the thrill of a first kiss again. The ancient city of Roruka, identified with modern Aror/Rohri, was capital of the Sauvira Kingdom, and finds mentioned early Buddhist literature as a major trading center. He found out about his daughter when Rebecca Silver's books received negative comments, an attempt by Lita to frustrate her father.. 2: "Religious Movements and Institutions in Medieval India", Chapter 13, Oxford University Press (2006). WebBISE AJK 9th Class, SSC, Matric Part 1 Annual Result 2021 (Expected Announce Date Time: 21 September 2022 Time: Morning 11:00am ) BISE AJK 10th Class, SSC, Matric Part 2 Annual Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 30 August 2022 Time: Afternoon 01:00 pm ) BISE AJK 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre The ancient Iranians referred to everything east of the river Indus as hind. During his reign from 1461 to 1509, Nind greatly expanded the new capital of Thatta and its Makli hills, which replaced Debal. [citation needed]. WebBISE Bahawalpur SSC Special Exams 2022 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 29 January 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Bahawalpur 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 1 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 17 November [15][16], The previous spelling "Sind" (from the Perso-Arabic ) was discontinued in 1988 by an amendment passed in Sindh Assembly,[17] and is now spelt "Sindh.". [52][53], Sindh was home to several wealthy merchant-rulers such as Mir Bejar of Sindh, whose great wealth had attracted the close ties with the Sultan bin Ahmad of Oman.[54]. Shortly afterwards, Hoshu Sheedi commanded another army at the Battle of Dubbo, where 5,000 Baloch were also killed in action. Elections in 1937 resulted in local Sindhi Muslim parties winning the bulk of seats. Technological improvements such as the spinning wheel (charkha) and treadle (pai-chah) in the weaver's loom were gradually introduced and the processes of designing, dyeing and printing by block were refined. Unable to take the Punjab region, they invaded South Asia through Sindh, where they became known as Indo-Scythians (later Western Satraps). Highlights: Executive Summary Report (October-2022). Sindh (/snd/; Sindhi: ; Urdu: , pronounced[snd]; historically romanized as Sind) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Referring to the lacquer work on wood locally known as Jandi, T. Posten (an English traveller who visited Sindh in the early 19th century) asserted that the articles of Hala could be compared with exquisite specimens of China. Demetrius was later defeated and killed by a usurper, but his descendants continued to rule Sindh and other lands as the Indo-Greek Kingdom. There are also occasional sightings of The Sindhi phekari, ped lynx or Caracal cat. WebBISE Rawalpindi SSC Annual Exam Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 31 August 2022 Time: 10:00am) BISE Rawalpindi 12th Class, 2nd Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 2 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 20 October Over time, the majority of the population in Sindh converted to Islam, especially in rural areas. [80] The development of Sufism in Sindh was similar to the development of Sufism in other parts of the Muslim world. It flourished between the 25th and 15th centuries BC in the Indus valley sites of Mohenjo Daro and Harappa. [76] The 2017 Census of Pakistan indicated a population of 47.9 million. WebBISE Sahiwal SSC Special Exams 2021 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 29 January 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Sahiwal 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 1 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 17 November The Umayyads appointed Aziz al Habbari as the governor of Sindh. Sindh was the centre of the Indus Valley civilisation, which rivaled the contemporary civilizations of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in size and scope, numbering nearly half a million inhabitants at its height with well-planned grid cities and sewer systems. Print Copy Delivery Date. S. A. 138, Mar'ifat Publishing House, Canberra (1986). Recently Korangi has been upgraded to the status of the sixth district of Karachi. The Talpur dynasty was established by members of the Talpur tribe. After 1853, the Company administration divided Sindh into districts and later made it part of the Bombay Presidency. Crocodiles are rare and inhabit only the backwaters of the Indus, eastern Nara channel and Karachi backwater. Shah Jahan ordered the construction of the Shahjahan Mosque, which was completed during the early years of his rule under the supervision of Mirza Ghazi Beg. Geographically it is the third largest province of Pakistan, stretching about 579 kilometres (360mi) from north to south and 442 kilometres (275mi) (extreme) or 281 kilometres (175mi) (average) from east to west, with an area of 140,915 square kilometres (54,408sqmi) of Pakistani territory. [66] Although Sindh had a culture of religious syncretism, communal harmony and tolerance due to Sindh's strong Sufi culture in which both Sindhi Muslims and Sindhi Hindus partook,[67] the mostly Muslim peasantry was oppressed by the Hindu moneylending class and also by the landed Muslim elite. Muslim geographers, historians and travelers such as al-Masudi, Ibn Hawqal, Istakhri, Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi, al-Tabari, Baladhuri, Nizami,[37] al-Biruni, Saadi Shirazi, Ibn Battutah and Katip elebi[38] wrote about or visited the region, sometimes using the name "Sindh" for the entire area from the Arabian Sea to the Hindu Kush. The Samma had left behind a popular legacy especially in architecture, music and art. There are bats, lizards and reptiles, including the cobra, lundi (viper) and the mysterious Sindh krait of the Thar region, which is supposed to suck the victim's breath in his sleep. Use of standard formats for advertisements becomes mandatory for A powerful unrest followed, after which twelve separate periods of martial law were imposed by the colonial government. [107] In 2020, the Kemari District was created after splitting Karachi West District. Rahimdad Khan Molai Shedai; Janet ul Sindh; 3rd edition, 1993; Sindhi Adbi Board, Jamshoro; page no: 2. After the mothers lay and leave them buried under the sands the SWD and WWF officials take the eggs and protect them until they are hatched to keep them from predators. Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak was the author of Akbarnama (an official biographical account of Akbar) and the Ain-i-Akbari (a detailed document recording the administration of the Mughal Empire). [60] They ruled from 1783, until 1843, when they were in turn defeated by the forces of the East India Company at the Battle of Miani and Dubbo. Sindh was conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire in the sixth century BC. Ziyad Hindi is one of those refugees. Sindh lies between the two monsoonsthe southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean and the northeast or retreating monsoon, deflected towards it by the Himalayan mountainsand escapes the influence of both. The provincial government is led by Chief Minister who is directly elected by the popular and landslide votes; the Governor serves as a ceremonial representative nominated and appointed by the President of Pakistan. The remainder of Sindh consists of an agriculture-based economy and produces fruits, consumer items and vegetables for other parts of the country.[5][6][7]. Very soon they united all the Baloch tribes of Sindh and formed a confederacy against the Kalhora Dynasty. As a result, the following year the Maratha Empire declared war on Sindh and Berar Subah, during which Arthur Wellesley took a leading role causing much early suspicion between the Emirs of Sindh and the East India Company administration. WebBISE Sahiwal SSC Special Exams 2021 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 29 January 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Sahiwal 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 1 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 17 November 2022 Time: The provincial capital of Sindh is Karachi. These rulers were defeated by the Kidarites in the late fourth century. He was hanged on 20March 1943 in Hyderabad, Sindh. Bengal Presidency forces under General Charles James Napier arrived in Sindh in the mid-19th century and captured Sindh in February 1843. Edwin Bryant (2001). Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. Until the siege of Baghdad (1258), the Soomro dynasty was the Abbasid Caliphate's functionary in Sindh, but after that it became independent. During the reign of Akbar the Great, Sindh produced scholars and others such as Mir Ahmed Nasrallah Thattvi, Tahir Muhammad Thattvi and Mir Ali Sir Thattvi and the Mughal chronicler Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak and his brother the poet Faizi was a descendant of a Sindhi Shaikh family from Rel, Siwistan in Sindh. [49][50] In 1540 a mutiny by Sher Shah Suri forced the Mughal Emperor Humayun to withdraw to Sindh, where he joined the Sindhi Emir Hussein Umrani. The turtles are protected species. Sindh has the second highest Human Development Index out of all of Pakistan's provinces at 0.628. Lacquered wood works known as Jandi, painting on wood, tiles, and pottery known as Kashi, hand weaved textiles including khadi, susi, and ajraks are synonymous with Sindhi culture preserved in Hala's handicraft. The largest and finer quality of rice is produced in Larkano district. In 1802, when Mir Ghulam Ali Khan Talpur succeeded as the Talpur Nawab, internal tensions broke out in the state. In the late fourth century BC, Sindh was conquered by a mixed army led by Macedonian Greeks under Alexander the Great. The Rais were overthrown by Chachar of Alor around 632. After Alexander's death, there was a brief period of Seleucid rule, before Sindh was traded to the Mauryan Empire led by Chandragupta in 305 BC. [109], In Sindh, talukas are equivalent to the tehsils used elsewhere in the country, supervisory tapas correspond with the kanungo circles used elsewhere, tapas correspond with the patwar circles used in other provinces, and dehs are equivalent to the mouzas used elsewhere. WebBISE Sahiwal SSC Special Exams 2021 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 29 January 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Sahiwal 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 1 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 17 November 2022 Time: Historically, Sindh's contribution to Pakistan's GDP has been between 30% to 32.7%. Once he became the governor, he allotted several key positions to his family and friends; thus Al-Khafif or Sardar Khafif Soomro formed the Soomro Dynasty in Sindh;[39] and became its first ruler. The primitive village communities in Balochistan were still struggling against a difficult highland environment, a highly cultured people was trying to assert itself at Kot Diji. Mick's relationship with Lita has always been complicated. These six districts form the Karachi Division now. The new governor of Sindh was to create a better, stronger and stable government. Sindh remarkably has a high GDP per capita was $1,400 in 2010 which is three times that of the rest of the nation or 1.33 times the national average. From 1752 to 1762, Marathas collected Chauth or tributes from Sindh, and was administered by 10,000 marathas[55] Maratha power was decimated in the entire region after the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761. Sindhi caps are manufactured commercially on a small scale at New Saeedabad and Hala New. In the Kirthar range at 1,800m (5,900ft) and higher at Gorakh Hill and other peaks in Dadu District, temperatures near freezing have been recorded and brief snowfall is received in the winters. Subsequently, two new divisions have been added in Sindh, Banbore and Nawab Shah/Shaheed Benazirabad division. 121136", Falk (2001), pp. The southwest monsoon wind begins in mid-February and continues until the end of September, whereas the cool northerly wind blows during the winter months from October to January. The Samma tribe reached its peak during the reign of Jam Nizamuddin II (also known by the nickname Jm Nind). However the Marathas briefly again invaded Sindh in 1772. In addition, Sindh's politics leans towards the left-wing and its political culture serves as a dominant place for the left-wing spectrum in the country. BISEP exam results of all FSC, Matric, 11th, 9th, 10th, 5th, 8th, HSSC, FA, 12th, SSC, Muhammad bin Qasim defeated the Raja Dahir and captured the cities of Alor, Multan and Debal. During the Kalhora period, Sindhi literature began to flourish and historical figures such as Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Sulatn-al-Aoliya Muhammad Zaman and Sachal Sarmast became prominent throughout the land. General Napier apocryphally reported his conquest of the province to his superiors with the one-word message. In 1541 Humayun married Hamida Banu Begum, who gave birth to the infant Akbar at Umarkot in the year 1542.[49][51]. Lower Sindh has a damper and humid maritime climate affected by the southwestern winds in summer and northeastern winds in winter, with lower rainfall than Central Sindh. Mansura was the first capital of the Soomra Dynasty and the last of the Habbari dynasty. [29], Muhammad Ali Jinnah claimed that the Pakistan movement started when the first Muslim put his foot on the soil of Sindh, which he labelled the "Gateway of Islam" in India. It is followed by Urdu (18%), Pashto (5.5%), Punjabi (5.3%), Saraiki (2.2%), Balochi (2%) and Hindko (1.6). Last date of Paper submission. In 1762, Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro brought stability in Sindh, he reorganized and killed all the Marathas and their prominent vassal the Rao of Kuch in the Thar Desert with the help of Durrani empire. Performance-wise, its best sector is the manufacturing sector, where its share has ranged from 36.7% to 46.5%. By the late fifth century, attacks by Hephthalite tribes known as the Indo-Hephthalites or Hunas (Huns) broke through the Gupta Empire's northwestern borders and overran much of northwestern India. The Abbasid Caliphate then appointed Al Khafif from Samarra; 'Soomro' means 'of Samarra' in Sindhi. [40] They were the first Muslims to translate the Quran into the Sindhi language. Today, Muslims make up over 90% of the population, and are more dominant in urban than rural areas. This culture blossomed over several millennia and gave rise to the Indus Valley civilization around 3000 BC. Acceptance Notification. Mango, date palms and the more recently introduced banana, guava, orange and chiku are the typical fruit-bearing trees. [30], In 712, Muhammad bin Qasim conquered the Sindh and Indus Valley, bringing South Asian societies into contact with Islam. Prior to its struggle for Pakistan during colonial period, in 1947 Sindh joined Pakistan after Muslim League's major victory against Indian National Congress at first it was proposed that the eastern half of Sindh (Tharparkar Region or simply Thar) was to be carved out from Sindh and be given to India due to its majority Hindu population, but that plan was never made official and Sindh as a whole was acceded to Pakistan. The economy of Sindh is the second-largest in Pakistan after the province of Punjab; its provincial capital of Karachi is the most populous city in the country as well as its main financial hub. Mauryan rule ended in 185 BC with the overthrow of the last king by the Shunga Dynasty. Kushans under Kanishka were great patrons of Buddhism and sponsored many building projects for local beliefs. In 711 AD, Muhammad bin Qasim led an Umayyad force of 20,000 cavalry and 5 catapults. [8][9] Ethnic Sindhi people constitute the largest group in the province; Sindh is also the place of residence for the overwhelming majority of Muhajirs (lit. BISE Peshawar, Peshawar Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education (BISEP), SSC part 1 / 2 result 2022 will be announced on 14 June Unfortunately, it is hunted by locals and foreigners. Many women in rural Sindh are skilled in the production of caps. Its share in the service sector has ranged from 21% to 27.8% and in the agriculture sector from 21.4% to 27.7%. Major public and private educational institutes in Sindh include: The rich culture, art and architectural landscape of Sindh have fascinated historians. The Pirrang (large tiger cat or fishing cat) of the eastern desert region is also disappearing. After the Sikhs annexed Multan, the Kalhora Dynasty supported counterattacks against the Sikhs and defined their borders. This was one of the most developed urban civilizations of the ancient world. [citation needed]. Al-Hakim ibn Jabalah al-Abdi, who attacked Makran in the year AD 649, was an early partisan of Ali ibn Abu Talib. Temperatures frequently rise above 46C (115F) between May and August, and the minimum average temperature of 2C (36F) occurs during December and January in the northern and higher elevated regions. Permanent settlements at Mehrgarh, currently in Balochistan, to the west expanded into Sindh. [65], During the period of Company rule,the city saw the rise of nationalist leaders such as Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi, who pioneered the Sindhi Muslim Hur Movement. Located in the southeastern region of the country, Sindh is the third-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the second-largest province by population after Punjab. [108] Currently the Sindh government is planning to divide the Tharparkar district into Tharparkar and Chhachro district. Four branches of the dynasty were established following the defeat of the Kalhora dynasty at the Battle of Halani in 1743:[58] one ruled lower Sindh from the city of Hyderabad, another ruled over upper Sindh from the city of Khairpur, a third ruled around the eastern city of Mirpur Khas, and a fourth was based in Tando Muhammad Khan. The major ethnic group of the province is the Sindhis, but there is also a significant presence of other groups. Water lilies grow in abundance in the numerous lake and ponds, particularly in the lower Sindh region. Besides a large variety of marine fish, the plumbeous dolphin, the beaked dolphin, rorqual or blue whale and skates frequent the seas along the Sindh coast. BISE Lahore SSC Annual Exams 2022 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 31 August 2022 Time: 10:00 am) BISE Lahore 9th Class, SSC, Matric Part 1 Result 2021 (Expected Announce Date Time: 09 November 2021, Time: Morning 10:00am) BISE Lahore 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre [81] Sufism continues to play an important role in the daily lives of Sindhis. ", The Reconstruction of Prehistoric South Asian Language Contact, The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians, "The Soomras of Sindh: their origin, main characteristics and rule an overview (general survey) (1025 1351 AD)", "The 'Little Ice Age': re-evaluation of an evolving concept", "1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science", "From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh The Express Tribune", "Hispania [Publicaciones peridicas]. The dwarf palm, Acacia Rupestris (kher), and Tecomella undulata (lohirro) trees are typical of the western hill region. He patronized Sindhi art, architecture and culture. MacLean, Derryl N. (1989), Religion and Society in Arab Sind, pp. Urdu-speakers form a plurality, while Pashtos are the second-largest group. [118], Sindh has a rich heritage of traditional handicraft that has evolved over the centuries. When Sindh joined Pakistan in 1947 it comprised three polities: Karachi (Then Federal Capital of Pakistan), Sind Province (Inherited from British India) and Khairpur (Princely State), in 1955 when One Unit Policy was implemented all of these 3 polities merged to form West Pakistan however in 1970 when One Unit Policy was abolished a single, united province of Sindh came into being with Karachi as its capital. Between July and November when the monsoon winds blow onshore from the ocean, giant olive ridley turtles lay their eggs along the seaward side. He used the title of the Sultan of Sindh. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) 22 Dec. 2022. In the 16th century two Sufi tareeqat (orders) Qadria and Naqshbandia were introduced in Sindh. The Sindhi phekari, red lynx or Caracal cat, is found in some areas. Peshawar Board announced the HSSC result 1 day earlier than result announcement date of 25th July 2022. The province is mostly arid with scant vegetation except for the irrigated Indus Valley. [61] The northern Khairpur branch of the Talpur dynasty, however, continued to maintain a degree of sovereignty during the period colonial rule as the princely state of Khairpur,[59] whose ruler elected to join the new Dominion of Pakistan in October 1947 as an autonomous region, before being fully amalgamated in the West Pakistan in 1955. During this period, Kutch was ruled by the Samma Dynasty, who enjoyed good relations with the Soomras in Sindh. The region remained under control of Greek satraps for only a few decades. 15960. Talpurs, who learned the Sindhi language, settled in northern Sindh. [citation needed], During the colonial period, railways, printing presses and bridges were introduced in the province. S. A. N. Rezavi, "The Shia Muslims", in History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. [citation needed]. [99] The PML(N) has a limited support due to its centre-right agenda. After more than twenty years, Questia is discontinuing operations as of Monday, December 21, 2020. Sindh is prominent for its history during the Bronze Age under the Indus Valley civilization, and is home to two UNESCO-designated World Heritage Sites: the Makli Necropolis and Mohenjo-daro. Some parts of Sindh still remained under the Sultans of Delhi and the ruthless Arghuns and the Tarkhans sacked Thatta during the rule of Jam Ferozudin. A. Rizvi, "A socio-intellectual History of Isna Ashari Shi'is in India", Volo. They provide training to women artisans in Sindh so they get a source of income. The Pallo (Sable fish), a marine fish, ascends the Indus annually from February to April to spawn. [citation needed], In the year 1868, the Bombay Presidency assigned Narayan Jagannath Vaidya to replace the Abjad used in Sindhi, with the Khudabadi script. The refined, lightweight, colourful, washable fabrics from Hala became a luxury for people used to the woollens and linens of the age. 121136, Falk, Harry (2004), pp. Afterwards, Sindh came under the rule of Emperor Harshavardhan, then the Rai Dynasty around 478. The rare houbara bustard find Sindh's warm climate suitable to rest and mate. By the year 750, Debal (modern Karachi) was second only to Basra; Sindhi sailors from the port city of Debal voyaged to Basra, Bushehr, Musqat, Aden, Kilwa, Zanzibar, Sofala, Malabar, Sri Lanka and Java (where Sindhi merchants were known as the Santri). The national parks established by the Government of Pakistan in collaboration with many organizations such as World Wide Fund for Nature and Sindh Wildlife Department support a huge variety of animals and birds. Phartho (hog deer) and wild bear occur, particularly in the central inundation belt. During the rule of the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka, the Buddhist religion spread to Sindh. The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries,[41][42][43] or alternatively, from about 1300[44] to about 1850. [119], Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as the World Wildlife Fund, Pakistan, play an important role to promote the culture of Sindh. [23] Ahirs were also found in large numbers in Sindh. Manufacturing includes machine products, cement, plastics, and various other goods. In the year 1524, the few remaining Sindhi Amirs welcomed the Mughal Empire and Babur dispatched his forces to rally the Arghuns and the Tarkhans, branches of a Turkic dynasty. The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture. [19] This civilization collapsed around 1700 BC for reasons that are uncertain; the cause is hotly debated and may have been a massive earthquake, which dried up the Ghaggar River. [79], According to the 2017 census, the most widely spoken language in the province is Sindhi, the first language of 62% of the population. [85] Umerkot district in the Thar Desert is Pakistan's only Hindu-majority district. Endowed with coastal access, Sindh is a major centre of economic activity in Pakistan and has a highly diversified economy ranging from heavy industry and finance centred in and around Karachi to a substantial agricultural base along the Indus. Much of Sindh's economy is influenced by the economy of Karachi, the largest city and economic capital of the country. [18], There is no evidence of large palaces or large tombs for the elite. The region's scarcity of rainfall is compensated by the inundation of the Indus twice a year, caused by the spring and summer melting of Himalayan snow and by rainfall in the monsoon season. WebBISE Abbottabad Matric Class, SSC, Matric Part 2 Annual Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 14-August-2022 03:00 PM ) BISE Abbottabad 9th Class, SSC, Matric Part 1 Annual Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 14-August-2022 03:00 PM ) BISE Abbottabad 11th Class, 1st Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre [103][104][105], In July 2011, following excessive violence in the city of Karachi and after the political split between the ruling PPP and the majority party in Sindh, the MQM and after the resignation of the MQM Governor of Sindh, PPP and the Government of Sindh decided to restore the commissionerate system in the province. WebBISE Faisalabad SSC Annual Exams 2022 Result (Expected Announce Date Time: 31 August 2022 Time: 10:00am) BISE Faisalabad 12th Class, 2nd Year, HSSC, FA, FSc, Intermediate (Pre-Engineering, Pre-Medical, General Group, Humanities Group, Arts, Science Group), Inter Part 2 Result 2022 (Expected Announce Date Time: 20 October [10] Several important Sindhi Sufi shrines are located throughout the province and attract millions of devotees annually. Shah Jahan carved a subah (imperial province), covering Sindh, called Thatta after its capital, out of Multan, further bordering on the Ajmer and Gujarat subahs as well as the rival Persian Safavid empire. Under the reign of Menander I, many Indo-Greeks followed his example and converted to Buddhism. The CW has released the [101], In 2008, after the public elections, the new government decided to restore the structure of Divisions of all provinces. 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